Electrical installation is a wiring system that is use to interconnect different types of electrical components together.
Some material needed for installation in our home
- Cable
- Switches
- Lam holder
- Distribution board
- Control switch
- Junction box
- Conduit pipe for piping
- Part less or knock out box
- Clip
- Ceiling rose
- Half moon light
- Sensors light and switches
- Adaptable boxes
- Saddle clip
- Couplings.
Tools required for electrical installation.
- Hammer
- Screw driver’s
- Pillars
- Cutter
- Electrical knife
- Cero tape
- Nail
- Screw nails
- Bending spring
- Fishing tape
- Hack saw
- Voltage tester
- Chisel
- He key
- Spanner.
PERSONS THAT ARE CAPABLE TO HANDLE WORK PERFECTLY AND SAFETY RULES IN THE FIELD OR WORK SHOP..
PERMIT TO WORK SYSTEM
A Permit to Work (PTW) is not simply permission
to carry out a hazardous job. It is an essential part of a system which determines how that job can be carried out safely. The permit should not be regarded as a statement that all hazards and risks have been eliminated from the work area. The issue of a permit does not, by itself, make a job safe. Only
those preparing for the work and those carrying it out can achieve that.
Note:Make sure that people who are working with electricity are competent to do the job.
▸ Asset Holder
The Asset Holder is the function or department, which is the custodian of the facility and has the direct responsibility for its
physical operation.
▸ Appointed persons (AP)
A person, normally not an electrical staff with or without formal electrical training; especially trained to carry out specific operations, associated with the electrical system, according to a written procedure (e.g. Isolation/de-isolation of Electrical Equipment
for mechanical work, synchronizing, etc.) appointed by the Discipline Head Electrical for carrying out such activities.
Authorized Electrical Person (AEP)
▸ An Electrical person who has been appointed in writing by the Discipline Head Electrical to carry out Lower Voltage Switching on single circuits where there is no possibility of back-feeds.
Authorized Electrical Person (AEP)
▸ Selected AEP may be given the additional authority to carry out extra duties such as Switching on all Low Voltage Electrical Equipment and Isolation of High Voltage Motor Circuits for mechanical work.
Competent Person (CP)
▸ Supervisors who have attained the level of competency required to carry out efficient and safely the aspect(s) of the company’s
operations which they are to supervise.
Electrical Control Person (ECP)
A Senior Authorized Electrical Person who additionally has been appointed in writing by the Discipline Head Electrical to control the
electrical power generation and distribution system within defined electrical boundaries. Note: There will be only one Electrical Control
Person on duty at any time in an area.
Senior Authorized Person (SAEP)
▸ An Authorized Electrical Person who his job is to carry out High Voltage and Low Voltage
Switching and to supervise work on High Voltage.
▸ BASIC RULES FOR WORK ON ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT for electrical installation
Properly identified as the equipment on which work is intended.
Made Dead: switched off from the sources of supply if work on live wire.
Isolated: action taken to prevent inadvertent reconnection and caution
notices attached.
Tested: to prove Dead condition.
Discharged, Earthed and short-circuited: to provide a back-up protection against Danger arising from un intended re-energization by an unforeseen condition
Provided with barriers, placed where necessary, to prevent Danger against accident.
A lockout/tag-out shall not be removed by any person other than the person that installed it, except in an emergency.
In an emergency, the lockout/tag-out may be removed only by authorized personnel.
The authorized personnel shall follow approved procedures.
A list of company rules and procedures are given to any person that may use a lockout/tag.
Types of electrical installation
Conduit wiring
Surface wiring
Trucking system wiring
Ducting system wiring
Inner duct system of wiring.
Surface wiring is the type of wiring system mainly used in our various domestic home whereby cable are laid on the surface of the wall with other installation components needed for the installation.
Surface wiring system is one of the earliest wiring system and it’s easy to maintain and also troubleshoot fault when the need raises.
Inner duct: inner duct system are sub ducts that can be installed in existing underground conduit systems to provide clean continuous flow of current in any form depending in the area of application.
Inner duct system of wiring can be carried out in the following ways such as: smooth wall, corrugated, and ribbed.
Conduit wiring system: conduit system of wiring is a type of wiring system that uses pipe for the installation.
In this system of wiring the connections are done by laying pipe and other components inside the block or concrete are casted upon it. And it’s the most neatness system of wiring in electrical engineering.
Conduit bodies come in various types, moisture ratings, and materials, including galvanized steel, aluminum, and PVC.
Trucking system of wiring is a type of wiring system installation whereby pipe are laid on the surface of the wall with other components required for the installation and it’s mainly done in lucrative environment.
Ducting system of wiring is mainly done in industry or factories with ducting pipe which helps to arrange huge number of cables today in the industries.
conclusion
electrical system must be tested for proper operation when they are installed and also periodically for maintenance purposes.